Anesthesiology physicians provide anesthesia care for a variety of surgical procedures including endoscopy, obstetrics, pediatrics, and general surgery. They are responsible for managing anesthesia during operations, performing procedures such as spinals, epidurals, and nerve blocks, and ensuring patient safety throughout perioperative care. This role requires board certification, licensure, and proficiency with clinical systems like EMR, while working in a collaborative hospital environment with on-call duties and rotational shifts.